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ELI Forums => Getty Images Letter Forum => Topic started by: Lettered on November 17, 2008, 01:02:35 AM

Title: damages
Post by: Lettered on November 17, 2008, 01:02:35 AM
Hi all.  Im trying to figure out what happens if one of these goes to court.  For most of us I think innocent infringment would be easy enough to prove.  Also, I'm guessing that for most of us the copyright wasnt registered.  That leaves actual damages, the way I understand it, as the maximum Getty would be able to get.

I did some searching and found a case talked about here:
http://www.photosource.com/channel/psn/2004/10_27.txt
where it appears to me that the court rejected the notion of multipliers and penalties added to actual damages.  The following quotes from the article got my attention:

 " "in litigated cases, infringement does not make a copyright more valuable.""

Im trying to figure out how much I might have injured or damaged the market value of Getty's copyright.  I never would have paid anywhere near the 4 figures they are asking for the little photo (nor would I have stolen it, btw).  I simply would have instructed our [third party] web page developer to find something for $5 or less or to just not use any photos at all.  So how could Getty have been "damaged" by my innocent infringement?  I say the damage related to lost license fees is closer to $5 ... would a judge agree?

Also, isnt Getty saying they are also trying to recover costs of finding the infringement?  I wouldnt think that could be considered a damage caused by the infringement, as this cost would have been incurred whether or not they had found the infringement.

So, the way  I see it, from my layman's point of view, the most I feel I would owe Getty would be a few bucks for the time it took the intern to write me the letter to ask me to take the photo down and whatever a similar photo ($5?) would have cost at places where people like me would shop for photos.

any thoughts??  what would a judge be likely to award Getty for the innocent infringement of a single photo?
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Lettered on November 17, 2008, 09:44:06 AM
I've been researching how far media bullies go with these sorts of things and have found cases where KIDS (under 14) are being sued.  One interesting thing I came across was this article:

http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/node/5524

that talks about a warning clip supposedly aired before children's programming. creepy behavior if you ask me. The striking thing about the clip to me is the singing of "Happy Birthday" as part of it .... I have to wonder if this "get tough on copyright" group is violating the copyright of the song "Happy Birthday" ... lol

http://www.snopes.com/music/songs/birthday.asp
Title: Re: damages
Post by: gettyvictim120 on November 17, 2008, 06:17:35 PM
The Happy Birthday song is a matter of debate.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy_birthday_song
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Oscar Michelen on November 17, 2008, 10:42:04 PM
To answer your original question I highly doubt Getty would go to court over one image but if they did there are a number of legal defenses available that would drastically reduce what they were entitled to. First is innocent infringement; second is that since the image was not registered they only get actual damages which is market rate not Getty rate; finally the court does not get involved in minimal (de minimus) infringement Bottom line is Don't pay
Title: Re: damages
Post by: davep42 on November 18, 2008, 07:31:01 AM
Thanks Oscar.  This attempt by gotti (my new reference for getty) seems like a twist on the collection attempts I once got for a "listing in an internet yellow pages" that I never asked for.
Title: Getty behaves like the Mob
Post by: Matthew Chan on November 18, 2008, 12:50:43 PM
Yes, I absolutely agree.  Those tactics were outlawed because they were so pervasive back then.  It was considered unethical.  They would first provide the service (even if you did not want it), then send you the bill.

While not the same situation, Getty is going down a sticky road that will come back to bite them.  Essentially, they prey on people's legal ignorance, give no recourse for people to take corrective measures, and extort money from people's ignorance.  It is very similar to paying the mob for protection.  They create the threat and then you have to pay to remove that same threat.  

Matthew
Title: Re: damages
Post by: sistem on November 24, 2008, 07:22:03 AM
I am trying to understand the legal side:
If one person put online the piece of music in mp3, then let people download it, it will cause the dammage - the people won't by the CD, and yet will be able to listen it.
When we talk about photos, imagine the company that sells those stolen Getty images - that company X would earn money, and Getty will also loose customers that will by rather from X than from Getty.
In those cases, the damages are clear and obvious.

But, in the case of images that are used to illustrate a web page that is not e-commerce, that doesn't sell information, the image that doesn't help the site owner to earn money - what is the actual damage?

Another question: what are the proofs of using those images? The shapshot can not be one. I don't want to pretend that those images were never on my customer's site, but it is not the same thing if they are there for few monhts and for years. Is there any difference from the legal position?

And the last question: when the company observe the infringement, do they have, at first time, the obligation to send a requests to "cease and desist", or do they have the right to demand damages immediately?
My problem with the accepting the idea of my infringement is that there were no copyright mark, neither wattermark, visible in photo-editing programs.

Thanks in advance for answering.
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Oscar Michelen on November 25, 2008, 10:39:54 AM
Dear sistem: I will answer your questions in order:

(1) What's the actual damage?:  

The damage Getty claims is that the user should have purchased the license for the image. The owner of a "work" has the right to be compenstaed for his/her intellectual property. They took the time to create the image so why should someone be allowed to use it for free? We agree with this legal position; we have no problem with this position.  What we disagree with is the amount of damage Getty claims to be entitled to and that Getty cannot prove that this same image was not available on some other site for free download. Getty claims theri "actual damage" is the cost of a two year license fee,which the Getty sites computes at about $1,200.00.  There are three problems with this position. First, Getty cannot prove that these images were all used for two years. Second, it is not Getty's inflated pricing schemem that controls; case law shows that it is "fair market value" that controls and the copyright holders price is only one factor to consider when affixing fair market value. So the FMV for one image is significantly lower than $1,200. Third, Getty is presently being sued by some top-level photographers who are claiming that Getty has allowed their images to be licensed for as low as $2.00! So how can they claim these inflated fees?

(2) What is the proof of use of those images?

Getty is indeed relying on the snapshot of the web page and is suing archives.org (the Wayback Machine) to get old screenshots of the sites.The longer the infringement went on, the more it would cost to acquire a similar license for the image. But as you see in my answer to your first question I don't believe they can establish a two year use for most of the images.

(3) Do they have the right to demand damages immediately?

Yes, there is no requirement that an infringer be first given a "Cease and Desist" letter prior to claiming damages. Even if they did first send out a cease and desist letter, they could still seek damages for past infringement.Copyright Law is very much geared to protecting intellectual property.  That's why you don't even need to register copyrights (or trademarks) in order to have rights in your work.  But the law also limits the damages you can receive if you have not registered them and the law also looks at the intent or lack of intent in assessing damages.
Title: Re: damages
Post by: sistem on November 25, 2008, 10:50:13 AM
Oscar, thanks a lot for answering my questions.

I think that it is clear that all of us respect the work of others, and we do agree that that work has to be payed. Also, it is clear that the act of creating a work, gives the copyright to the author.
But actually, we didn't know that images found on different 'free images stocks' were not free.
That is why I wish to understand what would be the FMV for those images that I put on my customer's site. I decided to talk to a lawyer and to send a kind of settlement proposal, but with a FMV price, which shoult be one year licence for each photo. Do you think that is is fair enough?
Of cours, images are not on the site anymore and I blocked the access to the Wayback machine.
By the way, do Wayback machine really provides the requested snapshots?
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Oscar Michelen on November 25, 2008, 05:16:01 PM
I think that is more than fair since you may have no obligation to pay anything.  As to the Wayback Machine, yes absolutely, I have seen it done.
Title: Re: damages
Post by: rublev on November 25, 2008, 09:53:50 PM
Yep, Wayback Machine is scary ;-)
It gives you your website almost every month from when it first appeared. I can see now when images in question appeared on one website i'm helping.
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Lettered on November 27, 2008, 07:28:09 AM
This might be of interest to those pondering what actual damages should be.  It is apparently Getty making the argument of why web use images are only worth $49.

http://www.abouttheimage.com/2858/getty_answers_critics_of_the_49_web_use_product/author3/
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Oscar Michelen on November 27, 2008, 12:15:05 PM
Can't find what you are referring to lettered.
Oscar
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Lettered on November 27, 2008, 01:19:20 PM
There was a link in my post to a letter Getty supposedly wrote in response to photographers complaining about the $49 web use license fee.  No new information, really, just Getty saying in so many words that the market wont support anything higher than $49 ... which conflicts, of course with the $1300 demand.  Might be a handy reference when trying to establish fair market value of the alleged infringing use ... if thats even needed ...

search the linked to page for the text appropriate price point.
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Oscar Michelen on November 27, 2008, 01:24:50 PM
This is very helpful
Title: Re: damages
Post by: gettyvictim120 on November 30, 2008, 03:11:05 PM
I am curious about the lawsuit against archive.org. I blocked the archive.org robot and removed my original site info. Still, is Getty suing for the right to access old site info beyond what is publicly available? That is very bullish! Probably something the archive.org people did not anticipate.
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Lettered on November 30, 2008, 04:02:22 PM
as I understand it robots.txt doesnt ever remove already archived material ... it just blocks public access.  For this reason, I find their exclusion policy misleading (the way it read to me, I originally thought robots.txt would cause all archived material for the site to be deleted ... which is apparently not so).

Can archive.org be compelled to remove archived material by the web site owner?  What would be the procedure ... letter from a lawyer?
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Oscar Michelen on November 30, 2008, 06:07:58 PM
That would be one way, though if they don't comply then what? It really comes doe to how much time and effort you want to invest in getting your old sites off of their site.  Getty really can't use those images as proof of continuing copyright infringement  it just provide proof to them of when you did allegedly infringe. That could be important as to  prove actual damages they would want to show how long the images were used.
Title: Re: damages
Post by: gettyvictim120 on December 06, 2008, 01:22:26 PM
If you go to archive.org, you can request to have your site completely removed. They honored my request.
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Johns on February 28, 2009, 08:50:32 AM
How did you get archive.org to remove your sites?  Did you email them or did you have to submit your site on a specific page?
Title: Re: damages
Post by: rublev on March 02, 2009, 12:37:37 PM
here are instructions http://www.archive.org/about/exclude.php
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Johns on March 03, 2009, 08:24:32 AM
It looks like we have to put in a robots.txt file in the root directory of our website and then submit our site to be crawled..  From what I read it can take 8+ weeks for the site to be crawled.  Does anyone know of a faster way to get our site removed?
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Johns on March 04, 2009, 11:31:45 AM
Actually it only takes about 2-3 business days for your site to be removed once you have the robots.txt file setup.
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Lettered on March 04, 2009, 12:40:34 PM
except I dont think the information is really removed.  Delete your robots.txt file and all your history will probably show up again. So, presumably, whenever your server is down (or slow or busy with large numbers of requests) making your robots.txt inaccessible, all your history will show up.  If you sell your domain name and the new owner doesnt have robots.txt ...

Have a look at this lawsuit which describes how someone was allegedly able to get to "blocked" material:

http://lawmeme.research.yale.edu/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1543
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Oscar Michelen on March 07, 2009, 08:56:29 PM
good info thanks
Title: Re: damages
Post by: goober on August 03, 2009, 08:08:16 AM
I also requested by email that archive.org remove my website and they did so. I verified this by entering the url after they said all records had been removed and it was. I then placed a robots.txt file to block any further possible archiving by them as well as other similar sites. They do comply. Not all archive sites are doing this though, so your web history could be on other sites as well.
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Oscar Michelen on August 05, 2009, 09:17:45 PM
Goober:

One such site is  http://domain-history.domaintools.com/ . They  have a history of websites, but I can’t find any way to remove  sites without paying$10 a day for each day the history isn’t active. Any comments or advice on this issue would be appreciated
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Lettered on August 06, 2009, 07:03:52 AM
Oscar,

I didnt buy a membership to verify this, but it looks to me like the only history they have at domaintools is the whois records, which just gives info about who owns the site.  It doesnt look to me like they have any historical webpages archived.  Have you seen something different?
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Oscar Michelen on August 06, 2009, 04:07:39 PM
You are right lettered.  In my haste I thought it also provided a list of page views
Title: Re: damages
Post by: goober on August 07, 2009, 06:43:06 AM
Iterasi does save the actual webpages I think...they will not remove and I don't think they follow robots.txt at all.
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Lettered on August 07, 2009, 03:34:58 PM
pretty incredible, isnt it?  Getty has us jumping through hoops to get [accidental] images down asap, and these clowns can just say no when we ask to have our copyrighted material removed from their server [that they display on purpose].  How did copyright get so twisted?
Title: Re: damages
Post by: goober on August 07, 2009, 06:10:18 PM
DMCA needs an overhaul....
Title: Re: damages
Post by: Oscar Michelen on August 10, 2009, 09:37:01 AM
As I have written on this and othr forums, The US Copyright Act needs to be amended to add a section mirroring the UK law which states that there are no damages in cases of innocent infringement provided the party ceases and desists upon being given notice. That would shift the focus onto thoise who infirnge intentionally.